Your Exam Guide

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. A truck has NO brake fluid — braking is done with compressed air.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Point to the air system (dual pressure gauge in the dashboard, reservoir tanks on the chassis).

What to show the examiner

Show the dual gauge in the cockpit (both circuits), then name the air reservoir tanks underneath the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Open registration certificate part I (Fahrzeugschein); read the tyre size and the load/speed indices.
2. Read the moulded marking on the tyre itself (e.g. 315/70 R 22.5 156/150 L).
3. Compare the values: the tyre must not be rated below what the registration demands.
4. Front axle: the tyre’s speed index must be ≥ the registration value.
5. Rear axle: the load index must additionally be ≥ the registration value.

What to show the examiner

Point to the figure in the registration with your finger, then use a torch to show the same values on the tyre.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off with full operating pressure built up.
2. Bleed pressure from the reservoirs by braking repeatedly.
3. The warning lamp / audible alarm must trigger below about 6 bar — display message: "supply pressure too low".
4. An exclamation mark appears as well; the vehicle can no longer be moved off in this state.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the pressure drop live on the gauge, state the threshold, show the display message.

Inspection steps

1. Refer to registration part I, fields O.1 / O.2 (permissible axle loads).
2. Read each tyre’s load index (e.g. "156" = 4000 kg per tyre).
3. Axle load / number of tyres on that axle must be ≤ the load index per tyre.
4. The tyre’s speed index (letter) must at least match the maximum design speed.

What to show the examiner

Show the load/speed markings on the tyre with a torch and compare to the figures in the registration.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Watch the warning lamp on the tachograph when the ignition is switched on.
2. Name the warning symbol "TCO" or "!" — it signals a fault or a failure.
3. If the unit fails: the trip may still be driven, but must be documented in writing with time and reason at the end of the shift.
4. Contact the workshop within 7 days; the repair must be carried out by the time the vehicle returns to its depot.

What to show the examiner

Describe the display and which symbols signal a fault. Explain: manual recording plus reporting obligation.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect disc brakes on the inner side of the wheel for cracks and wear.
2. On the driver display open "vehicle check" → "brake pads".
3. Read off pad thickness on every wheel and compare with the minimum value.
4. Parking brake: apply the lever/button and test the vehicle against rolling away.

What to show the examiner

Show the brake disc through the wheel opening; open the pad-thickness display; apply the parking brake.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect each wheel nut visually in turn.
2. A rust-red streak below the nut (air gap) signals a loose nut.
3. Check that the wheel nuts are complete — none may be missing.
4. Tightening torque per manufacturer spec (owner’s manual).

What to show the examiner

Run your finger past every nut, confirming "tight, no rust streak" verbally as you go.

Inspection steps

1. Ask the instructor / examiner to sit in the cab (or use the remote).
2. Switch on sidelights — check all the way round.
3. Switch on dipped beam — check cleanliness, symmetry, both lamps.
4. Main beam — both headlights active, tell-tale in the cockpit.
5. Front marker lights (position lamps) checked individually.

What to show the examiner

Step in front of the vehicle, have each function switched on and off in turn and confirm "left/right ok".

Inspection steps

1. Vehicle on level ground, engine stopped, wait a few minutes.
2. Menu button on the steering wheel → "vehicle check" → "oils".
3. Oil level between MIN and MAX — shown electronically on the display.
4. Alternatively (older vehicles): pull the dipstick, wipe clean, re-insert, read off.
5. If low, top up with the grade specified in the owner’s manual.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the menu on the display; show the dipstick if applicable; briefly explain the top-up procedure.

Inspection steps

1. Locate the first-aid kit to DIN 13164 (cab or stowage).
2. Check the use-by date of the contents — especially sterile items.
3. Verify completeness against the contents list.
4. Check the DIN number on the box label.
5. Replace missing or expired items immediately.

What to show the examiner

Open the box, show the use-by date on the label, lift a few items to demonstrate completeness.

Inspection steps

1. Bed symbol = rest period.
2. Square with a cross-bar = availability time.
3. Two crossed hammers = working time.
4. Steering-wheel symbol = driving time (activates automatically above ~5 km/h).

What to show the examiner

Point to the symbols in the manual or on the display and match each to its activity.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the footwell visually — no loose objects.
2. Reach behind the seat into the area beneath/behind the pedals.
3. Floor mats must lie flat and must not slide under the pedal.

What to show the examiner

Reach into the footwell with your hand to demonstrate it is empty; remove anything loose.

Inspection steps

1. Measure tread depth with a gauge or read off the TWI indicators — minimum 1.6 mm (recommended for trucks: 3 mm).
2. Inspect sidewalls for cracks, porosity, bulges, uneven wear.
3. Feel between twin tyres for foreign objects (stones, branches, nails).
4. Check tyre pressure against the placard or the owner’s manual; use the airline if required.
5. Bulging of the sidewall = under-inflation.

What to show the examiner

Apply the gauge and call out the reading; point to each sidewall section; reach in between twin tyres.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Read the fuel gauge in the cockpit, or insert the tank dip stick from the side.
2. State the fuel level verbally.
3. Check the fuel-cap for tightness and sealing.
4. Inspect the fuel lines back to the engine visually for leaks.
5. Also check the AdBlue level (on SCR-equipped vehicles).

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge; feel the filler cap; follow the fuel lines with a torch.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Accept the printout or chart from the examiner.
2. a) Distance driven: calculate from the difference between odometer readings.
3. b) Driving interruptions: add up every bed symbol (up to 15 min counts as an interruption, not a break).
4. c) First break: sum the driving time up to the first break longer than 15 min.
5. d) Read off the top speed or the recorded speeding event.

What to show the examiner

Use your finger on the chart/printout to point out which section each value comes from.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the compressor fills the air system.
2. Watch both needles of the dual gauge until the cut-off pressure is reached.
3. Cut-off pressure is around 11 bar — audible as a distinct blow-off hiss.
4. Only now is the vehicle ready for operation.

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge and announce the cut-off pressure verbally before it is reached.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the rim between the wheel nuts for cracks.
2. Check the rim bed for deformation, dents, impacts.
3. Pay particular attention around the wheel-nut seats (highest stress).
4. On alloy rims, additionally watch for corrosion.

What to show the examiner

Show the rim all the way round, run a hand across the wheel-nut seats and confirm each as "ok".

Inspection steps

1. Ask the instructor / examiner to sit in the cab (or use the remote).
2. Switch on sidelights — check all the way round.
3. Switch on dipped beam — check cleanliness, symmetry, both lamps.
4. Main beam — both headlights active, tell-tale in the cockpit.
5. Front marker lights (position lamps) checked individually.

What to show the examiner

Step in front of the vehicle, have each function switched on and off in turn and confirm "left/right ok".

Inspection steps

1. Refers to the drive belt — strictly speaking, the cab must be tilted (the exam does NOT require this actively).
2. Without tilting: look through the louvres or the front hatch at the belt.
3. Check the surface for cracks and fraying.
4. Tension: at the longest free run the belt should twist about 90° and deflect around 1 cm.
5. Explain that auxiliary units = alternator, power-steering pump, water pump.

What to show the examiner

Open the front hatch, locate the belt, verbally simulate the deflection test, name the auxiliary units.

Inspection steps

1. Windscreen: check cleanliness and damage — cracks, stone chips, scratches.
2. Side windows and mirrors / cameras: cleanliness, adjustment, integrity.
3. On camera systems: check the monitor for a clear picture.
4. Remove any dirt on the spot.

What to show the examiner

Walk round the outside of the vehicle and show each window / mirror / camera, confirming "clean, intact".

Inspection steps

1. Hold the "Driver 1" button for a longer moment.
2. In the menu, confirm "log out company" with "YES".
3. Remove the driver card.
4. Set the activity switch to "rest period".

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the sequence on the unit and explain why the card is removed at the end of the shift.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the compressor fills the air system.
2. Watch both needles of the dual gauge until the cut-off pressure is reached.
3. Cut-off pressure is around 11 bar — audible as a distinct blow-off hiss.
4. Only now is the vehicle ready for operation.

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge and announce the cut-off pressure verbally before it is reached.

Inspection steps

1. On a modern exam truck there is usually no spare wheel — actively explain this fact.
2. If fitted: check the securing strap/mount and verify the pressure in the spare.
3. Name a tyre-repair kit (Tirefit) or the recovery-service contract as an alternative.

What to show the examiner

Show the empty spare-wheel cradle and explain why modern trucks often no longer carry one.

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the ignition — all warning lamps illuminate briefly.
2. Name the left and right indicators individually.
3. Hazard lights, main beam, handbrake.
4. ABS, engine-management lamp, temperature warnings.
5. Let the examiner point to each lamp in turn.

What to show the examiner

Point to each warning lamp on the display/cockpit with your finger and state its meaning.

Inspection steps

1. Vehicle on level ground, engine stopped, wait a few minutes.
2. Menu button on the steering wheel → "vehicle check" → "oils".
3. Oil level between MIN and MAX — shown electronically on the display.
4. Alternatively (older vehicles): pull the dipstick, wipe clean, re-insert, read off.
5. If low, top up with the grade specified in the owner’s manual.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the menu on the display; show the dipstick if applicable; briefly explain the top-up procedure.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the jaw (fangmaul) for cracks, notches, deformation.
2. Check the traverse (coupling carrier) for cracks; watch for rust streaks at the bolts.
3. Check the locking pin — it must be firmly latched.
4. Coupling pin: new 38 mm diameter; wear limit 36.5 mm (1.5 mm wear permissible).
5. Coupling self-check: explain the lead-in (auflauf) function verbally.

What to show the examiner

Illuminate the jaw with a torch, show the locking pin, explain the pin dimension with calipers.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off with full operating pressure built up.
2. Bleed pressure from the reservoirs by braking repeatedly.
3. The warning lamp / audible alarm must trigger below about 6 bar — display message: "supply pressure too low".
4. An exclamation mark appears as well; the vehicle can no longer be moved off in this state.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the pressure drop live on the gauge, state the threshold, show the display message.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off, ignition off.
2. Pull the steering wheel left / right with moderate effort — the steering should feel stiff.
3. Start the engine.
4. The steering suddenly becomes light — the power-steering pump is working.

What to show the examiner

Turn the wheel with the engine off, then start the engine and turn it again, commenting on the difference.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Refers to the drive belt — strictly speaking, the cab must be tilted (the exam does NOT require this actively).
2. Without tilting: look through the louvres or the front hatch at the belt.
3. Check the surface for cracks and fraying.
4. Tension: at the longest free run the belt should twist about 90° and deflect around 1 cm.
5. Explain that auxiliary units = alternator, power-steering pump, water pump.

What to show the examiner

Open the front hatch, locate the belt, verbally simulate the deflection test, name the auxiliary units.

Inspection steps

1. Side walls: container secured on the twist-lock cones ("mushrooms"); props/hinges locked.
2. Fasteners / access flaps: all closed and secured.
3. Loading equipment (e.g. tail-lift): often not fitted on exam vehicles.
4. Load security: depending on the vehicle — form-fit (headboard, stakes) or friction-fit (straps, nets, chains).
5. Curtainsider: curtain without tears, ropes tensioned, eyelets intact.

What to show the examiner

Walk once all the way round the body, touching every fastening (mushroom, hook, strap).

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Modern trucks have no anti-freeze reservoir — they use an air dryer instead.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Briefly operate the drain valve under one of the reservoirs.
4. Only air — no water — must escape.

What to show the examiner

Name the air dryer on the vehicle, show the drain valve, bleed briefly, and comment on the result.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the power steering is active.
2. Move the steering wheel back and forth until the road wheels follow.
3. Measure the play between the start of steering-wheel movement and the reaction at the wheels.
4. Acceptable play: at most two fingers wide (about 30 mm).

What to show the examiner

Hold two fingers against the rim, move the wheel both ways, and state the limit.

Inspection steps

1. Open the battery box (usually mounted to the chassis on the side).
2. Check that the battery is firmly secured in its mount.
3. Check terminals for tightness and for freedom from corrosion.
4. Terminals should be protected with terminal grease.
5. Look for fluid loss or damage to the case.

What to show the examiner

Open the battery box and show mount, terminals and case one after the other.

Inspection steps

1. Open the passenger door — the washer reservoir is often behind a flap there.
2. Check the level in the reservoir visually.
3. Most exam trucks do not have headlamp washers.
4. If the level is low, a warning symbol appears on the display.

What to show the examiner

Show the reservoir and the level, describe the filler, mention the display warning symbol.

Inspection steps

1. Step back about 10 m for a clear view of the roof.
2. Check curtain or container for pooled water — heavy water stresses the body.
3. In winter: completely remove any snow or ice on the roof / curtain.
4. Check the roof bows (spriegel) for damage and for tight fit.

What to show the examiner

From a distance, describe the roof with an outstretched arm and call out every irregularity.

Inspection steps

1. Bed symbol = rest period.
2. Square with a cross-bar = availability time.
3. Two crossed hammers = working time.
4. Steering-wheel symbol = driving time (activates automatically above ~5 km/h).

What to show the examiner

Point to the symbols in the manual or on the display and match each to its activity.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect disc brakes on the inner side of the wheel for cracks and wear.
2. On the driver display open "vehicle check" → "brake pads".
3. Read off pad thickness on every wheel and compare with the minimum value.
4. Parking brake: apply the lever/button and test the vehicle against rolling away.

What to show the examiner

Show the brake disc through the wheel opening; open the pad-thickness display; apply the parking brake.

Inspection steps

1. Tilt the cab if required, or locate the power-steering reservoir underneath the cab.
2. Check the fluid level visually against MIN / MAX.
3. Modern vehicles also show a low level in the driver display.
4. Assess the fluid colour — not black, not foamy.

What to show the examiner

Show the reservoir and point out the level; mention the display warning; describe cab tilting (without actually tilting).

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the sidelights.
2. Check the end-outline marker lights (outer lamps in the lamp cluster).
3. Check the tail lamps (inner lamps).
4. Inspect cleanliness, integrity and symmetry of the light output.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle and point out outline markers (outer) versus tail lamps (inner).

Inspection steps

1. Briefly operate the washer.
2. Watch the jet pattern of both nozzles — the spray must be even.
3. After spraying, check the wipers: both halves of the screen are cleaned.
4. If the jet is off, re-aim the nozzle with a needle.

What to show the examiner

Operate the washer; show the jet pattern from outside; explain needle adjustment verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Windscreen: check cleanliness and damage — cracks, stone chips, scratches.
2. Side windows and mirrors / cameras: cleanliness, adjustment, integrity.
3. On camera systems: check the monitor for a clear picture.
4. Remove any dirt on the spot.

What to show the examiner

Walk round the outside of the vehicle and show each window / mirror / camera, confirming "clean, intact".

Inspection steps

1. Accept the printout or chart from the examiner.
2. a) Distance driven: calculate from the difference between odometer readings.
3. b) Driving interruptions: add up every bed symbol (up to 15 min counts as an interruption, not a break).
4. c) First break: sum the driving time up to the first break longer than 15 min.
5. d) Read off the top speed or the recorded speeding event.

What to show the examiner

Use your finger on the chart/printout to point out which section each value comes from.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the footwell visually — no loose objects.
2. Reach behind the seat into the area beneath/behind the pedals.
3. Floor mats must lie flat and must not slide under the pedal.

What to show the examiner

Reach into the footwell with your hand to demonstrate it is empty; remove anything loose.

Inspection steps

1. Bring the air system to operating pressure (run the engine up to cut-off pressure).
2. Inspect every air bag visually — all must be filled evenly.
3. If a bag is damaged the vehicle leans to the affected side.
4. Additionally check the shock absorbers for oil leakage.

What to show the examiner

Show an air bag on one axle and feel it; point out the vehicle’s height relative to the ground along its side.

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the ignition — all warning lamps illuminate briefly.
2. Name the left and right indicators individually.
3. Hazard lights, main beam, handbrake.
4. ABS, engine-management lamp, temperature warnings.
5. Let the examiner point to each lamp in turn.

What to show the examiner

Point to each warning lamp on the display/cockpit with your finger and state its meaning.

Inspection steps

1. The air-filter condition indicator is often mounted on the intake pipe at the engine (ring with a sight glass).
2. Green zone = filter ok; red zone = filter dirty, replacement due.
3. Modern trucks additionally show the status on the driver display.
4. If the display reads "red", replace the filter (do not clean it).

What to show the examiner

Locate the sight glass and explain the coloured ring; mention the display indication.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. A truck has NO brake fluid — braking is done with compressed air.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Point to the air system (dual pressure gauge in the dashboard, reservoir tanks on the chassis).
4. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Show the dual gauge in the cockpit (both circuits), then name the air reservoir tanks underneath the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Open registration certificate part I (Fahrzeugschein); read the tyre size and the load/speed indices.
2. Read the moulded marking on the tyre itself (e.g. 315/70 R 22.5 156/150 L).
3. Compare the values: the tyre must not be rated below what the registration demands.
4. Front axle: the tyre’s speed index must be ≥ the registration value.
5. Rear axle: the load index must additionally be ≥ the registration value.
6. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Point to the figure in the registration with your finger, then use a torch to show the same values on the tyre.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off with full operating pressure built up.
2. Bleed pressure from the reservoirs by braking repeatedly.
3. The warning lamp / audible alarm must trigger below about 6 bar — display message: "supply pressure too low".
4. An exclamation mark appears as well; the vehicle can no longer be moved off in this state.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the pressure drop live on the gauge, state the threshold, show the display message.

Inspection steps

1. Refer to registration part I, fields O.1 / O.2 (permissible axle loads).
2. Read each tyre’s load index (e.g. "156" = 4000 kg per tyre).
3. Axle load / number of tyres on that axle must be ≤ the load index per tyre.
4. The tyre’s speed index (letter) must at least match the maximum design speed.
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Show the load/speed markings on the tyre with a torch and compare to the figures in the registration.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Watch the warning lamp on the tachograph when the ignition is switched on.
2. Name the warning symbol "TCO" or "!" — it signals a fault or a failure.
3. If the unit fails: the trip may still be driven, but must be documented in writing with time and reason at the end of the shift.
4. Contact the workshop within 7 days; the repair must be carried out by the time the vehicle returns to its depot.

What to show the examiner

Describe the display and which symbols signal a fault. Explain: manual recording plus reporting obligation.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect disc brakes on the inner side of the wheel for cracks and wear.
2. On the driver display open "vehicle check" → "brake pads".
3. Read off pad thickness on every wheel and compare with the minimum value.
4. Parking brake: apply the lever/button and test the vehicle against rolling away.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Show the brake disc through the wheel opening; open the pad-thickness display; apply the parking brake.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect each wheel nut visually in turn.
2. A rust-red streak below the nut (air gap) signals a loose nut.
3. Check that the wheel nuts are complete — none may be missing.
4. Tightening torque per manufacturer spec (owner’s manual).
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Run your finger past every nut, confirming "tight, no rust streak" verbally as you go.

Inspection steps

1. Ask the instructor / examiner to sit in the cab (or use the remote).
2. Switch on sidelights — check all the way round.
3. Switch on dipped beam — check cleanliness, symmetry, both lamps.
4. Main beam — both headlights active, tell-tale in the cockpit.
5. Front marker lights (position lamps) checked individually.

What to show the examiner

Step in front of the vehicle, have each function switched on and off in turn and confirm "left/right ok".

Inspection steps

1. Vehicle on level ground, engine stopped, wait a few minutes.
2. Menu button on the steering wheel → "vehicle check" → "oils".
3. Oil level between MIN and MAX — shown electronically on the display.
4. Alternatively (older vehicles): pull the dipstick, wipe clean, re-insert, read off.
5. If low, top up with the grade specified in the owner’s manual.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the menu on the display; show the dipstick if applicable; briefly explain the top-up procedure.

Inspection steps

1. Locate the first-aid kit to DIN 13164 (cab or stowage).
2. Check the use-by date of the contents — especially sterile items.
3. Verify completeness against the contents list.
4. Check the DIN number on the box label.
5. Replace missing or expired items immediately.
6. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Open the box, show the use-by date on the label, lift a few items to demonstrate completeness.

Inspection steps

1. Bed symbol = rest period.
2. Square with a cross-bar = availability time.
3. Two crossed hammers = working time.
4. Steering-wheel symbol = driving time (activates automatically above ~5 km/h).

What to show the examiner

Point to the symbols in the manual or on the display and match each to its activity.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the footwell visually — no loose objects.
2. Reach behind the seat into the area beneath/behind the pedals.
3. Floor mats must lie flat and must not slide under the pedal.
4. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Reach into the footwell with your hand to demonstrate it is empty; remove anything loose.

Inspection steps

1. Measure tread depth with a gauge or read off the TWI indicators — minimum 1.6 mm (recommended for trucks: 3 mm).
2. Inspect sidewalls for cracks, porosity, bulges, uneven wear.
3. Feel between twin tyres for foreign objects (stones, branches, nails).
4. Check tyre pressure against the placard or the owner’s manual; use the airline if required.
5. Bulging of the sidewall = under-inflation.
6. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Apply the gauge and call out the reading; point to each sidewall section; reach in between twin tyres.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Read the fuel gauge in the cockpit, or insert the tank dip stick from the side.
2. State the fuel level verbally.
3. Check the fuel-cap for tightness and sealing.
4. Inspect the fuel lines back to the engine visually for leaks.
5. Also check the AdBlue level (on SCR-equipped vehicles).

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge; feel the filler cap; follow the fuel lines with a torch.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Accept the printout or chart from the examiner.
2. a) Distance driven: calculate from the difference between odometer readings.
3. b) Driving interruptions: add up every bed symbol (up to 15 min counts as an interruption, not a break).
4. c) First break: sum the driving time up to the first break longer than 15 min.
5. d) Read off the top speed or the recorded speeding event.

What to show the examiner

Use your finger on the chart/printout to point out which section each value comes from.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the compressor fills the air system.
2. Watch both needles of the dual gauge until the cut-off pressure is reached.
3. Cut-off pressure is around 11 bar — audible as a distinct blow-off hiss.
4. Only now is the vehicle ready for operation.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge and announce the cut-off pressure verbally before it is reached.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the rim between the wheel nuts for cracks.
2. Check the rim bed for deformation, dents, impacts.
3. Pay particular attention around the wheel-nut seats (highest stress).
4. On alloy rims, additionally watch for corrosion.
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Show the rim all the way round, run a hand across the wheel-nut seats and confirm each as "ok".

Inspection steps

1. Ask the instructor / examiner to sit in the cab (or use the remote).
2. Switch on sidelights — check all the way round.
3. Switch on dipped beam — check cleanliness, symmetry, both lamps.
4. Main beam — both headlights active, tell-tale in the cockpit.
5. Front marker lights (position lamps) checked individually.

What to show the examiner

Step in front of the vehicle, have each function switched on and off in turn and confirm "left/right ok".

Inspection steps

1. Refers to the drive belt — strictly speaking, the cab must be tilted (the exam does NOT require this actively).
2. Without tilting: look through the louvres or the front hatch at the belt.
3. Check the surface for cracks and fraying.
4. Tension: at the longest free run the belt should twist about 90° and deflect around 1 cm.
5. Explain that auxiliary units = alternator, power-steering pump, water pump.

What to show the examiner

Open the front hatch, locate the belt, verbally simulate the deflection test, name the auxiliary units.

Inspection steps

1. Windscreen: check cleanliness and damage — cracks, stone chips, scratches.
2. Side windows and mirrors / cameras: cleanliness, adjustment, integrity.
3. On camera systems: check the monitor for a clear picture.
4. Remove any dirt on the spot.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Walk round the outside of the vehicle and show each window / mirror / camera, confirming "clean, intact".

Inspection steps

1. Hold the "Driver 1" button for a longer moment.
2. In the menu, confirm "log out company" with "YES".
3. Remove the driver card.
4. Set the activity switch to "rest period".

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the sequence on the unit and explain why the card is removed at the end of the shift.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the compressor fills the air system.
2. Watch both needles of the dual gauge until the cut-off pressure is reached.
3. Cut-off pressure is around 11 bar — audible as a distinct blow-off hiss.
4. Only now is the vehicle ready for operation.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge and announce the cut-off pressure verbally before it is reached.

Inspection steps

1. On a modern exam truck there is usually no spare wheel — actively explain this fact.
2. If fitted: check the securing strap/mount and verify the pressure in the spare.
3. Name a tyre-repair kit (Tirefit) or the recovery-service contract as an alternative.
4. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Show the empty spare-wheel cradle and explain why modern trucks often no longer carry one.

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the ignition — all warning lamps illuminate briefly.
2. Name the left and right indicators individually.
3. Hazard lights, main beam, handbrake.
4. ABS, engine-management lamp, temperature warnings.
5. Let the examiner point to each lamp in turn.

What to show the examiner

Point to each warning lamp on the display/cockpit with your finger and state its meaning.

Inspection steps

1. Vehicle on level ground, engine stopped, wait a few minutes.
2. Menu button on the steering wheel → "vehicle check" → "oils".
3. Oil level between MIN and MAX — shown electronically on the display.
4. Alternatively (older vehicles): pull the dipstick, wipe clean, re-insert, read off.
5. If low, top up with the grade specified in the owner’s manual.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the menu on the display; show the dipstick if applicable; briefly explain the top-up procedure.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the jaw (fangmaul) for cracks, notches, deformation.
2. Check the traverse (coupling carrier) for cracks; watch for rust streaks at the bolts.
3. Check the locking pin — it must be firmly latched.
4. Coupling pin: new 38 mm diameter; wear limit 36.5 mm (1.5 mm wear permissible).
5. Coupling self-check: explain the lead-in (auflauf) function verbally.
6. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Illuminate the jaw with a torch, show the locking pin, explain the pin dimension with calipers.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off with full operating pressure built up.
2. Bleed pressure from the reservoirs by braking repeatedly.
3. The warning lamp / audible alarm must trigger below about 6 bar — display message: "supply pressure too low".
4. An exclamation mark appears as well; the vehicle can no longer be moved off in this state.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the pressure drop live on the gauge, state the threshold, show the display message.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off, ignition off.
2. Pull the steering wheel left / right with moderate effort — the steering should feel stiff.
3. Start the engine.
4. The steering suddenly becomes light — the power-steering pump is working.
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Turn the wheel with the engine off, then start the engine and turn it again, commenting on the difference.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Refers to the drive belt — strictly speaking, the cab must be tilted (the exam does NOT require this actively).
2. Without tilting: look through the louvres or the front hatch at the belt.
3. Check the surface for cracks and fraying.
4. Tension: at the longest free run the belt should twist about 90° and deflect around 1 cm.
5. Explain that auxiliary units = alternator, power-steering pump, water pump.

What to show the examiner

Open the front hatch, locate the belt, verbally simulate the deflection test, name the auxiliary units.

Inspection steps

1. Side walls: container secured on the twist-lock cones ("mushrooms"); props/hinges locked.
2. Fasteners / access flaps: all closed and secured.
3. Loading equipment (e.g. tail-lift): often not fitted on exam vehicles.
4. Load security: depending on the vehicle — form-fit (headboard, stakes) or friction-fit (straps, nets, chains).
5. Curtainsider: curtain without tears, ropes tensioned, eyelets intact.
6. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Walk once all the way round the body, touching every fastening (mushroom, hook, strap).

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Modern trucks have no anti-freeze reservoir — they use an air dryer instead.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Briefly operate the drain valve under one of the reservoirs.
4. Only air — no water — must escape.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Name the air dryer on the vehicle, show the drain valve, bleed briefly, and comment on the result.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the power steering is active.
2. Move the steering wheel back and forth until the road wheels follow.
3. Measure the play between the start of steering-wheel movement and the reaction at the wheels.
4. Acceptable play: at most two fingers wide (about 30 mm).
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Hold two fingers against the rim, move the wheel both ways, and state the limit.

Inspection steps

1. Open the battery box (usually mounted to the chassis on the side).
2. Check that the battery is firmly secured in its mount.
3. Check terminals for tightness and for freedom from corrosion.
4. Terminals should be protected with terminal grease.
5. Look for fluid loss or damage to the case.

What to show the examiner

Open the battery box and show mount, terminals and case one after the other.

Inspection steps

1. Open the passenger door — the washer reservoir is often behind a flap there.
2. Check the level in the reservoir visually.
3. Most exam trucks do not have headlamp washers.
4. If the level is low, a warning symbol appears on the display.

What to show the examiner

Show the reservoir and the level, describe the filler, mention the display warning symbol.

Inspection steps

1. Step back about 10 m for a clear view of the roof.
2. Check curtain or container for pooled water — heavy water stresses the body.
3. In winter: completely remove any snow or ice on the roof / curtain.
4. Check the roof bows (spriegel) for damage and for tight fit.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

From a distance, describe the roof with an outstretched arm and call out every irregularity.

Inspection steps

1. Bed symbol = rest period.
2. Square with a cross-bar = availability time.
3. Two crossed hammers = working time.
4. Steering-wheel symbol = driving time (activates automatically above ~5 km/h).

What to show the examiner

Point to the symbols in the manual or on the display and match each to its activity.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect disc brakes on the inner side of the wheel for cracks and wear.
2. On the driver display open "vehicle check" → "brake pads".
3. Read off pad thickness on every wheel and compare with the minimum value.
4. Parking brake: apply the lever/button and test the vehicle against rolling away.
5. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Show the brake disc through the wheel opening; open the pad-thickness display; apply the parking brake.

Inspection steps

1. Tilt the cab if required, or locate the power-steering reservoir underneath the cab.
2. Check the fluid level visually against MIN / MAX.
3. Modern vehicles also show a low level in the driver display.
4. Assess the fluid colour — not black, not foamy.
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Show the reservoir and point out the level; mention the display warning; describe cab tilting (without actually tilting).

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the sidelights.
2. Check the end-outline marker lights (outer lamps in the lamp cluster).
3. Check the tail lamps (inner lamps).
4. Inspect cleanliness, integrity and symmetry of the light output.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle and point out outline markers (outer) versus tail lamps (inner).

Inspection steps

1. Briefly operate the washer.
2. Watch the jet pattern of both nozzles — the spray must be even.
3. After spraying, check the wipers: both halves of the screen are cleaned.
4. If the jet is off, re-aim the nozzle with a needle.

What to show the examiner

Operate the washer; show the jet pattern from outside; explain needle adjustment verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Windscreen: check cleanliness and damage — cracks, stone chips, scratches.
2. Side windows and mirrors / cameras: cleanliness, adjustment, integrity.
3. On camera systems: check the monitor for a clear picture.
4. Remove any dirt on the spot.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Walk round the outside of the vehicle and show each window / mirror / camera, confirming "clean, intact".

Inspection steps

1. Accept the printout or chart from the examiner.
2. a) Distance driven: calculate from the difference between odometer readings.
3. b) Driving interruptions: add up every bed symbol (up to 15 min counts as an interruption, not a break).
4. c) First break: sum the driving time up to the first break longer than 15 min.
5. d) Read off the top speed or the recorded speeding event.

What to show the examiner

Use your finger on the chart/printout to point out which section each value comes from.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the footwell visually — no loose objects.
2. Reach behind the seat into the area beneath/behind the pedals.
3. Floor mats must lie flat and must not slide under the pedal.
4. Additionally: check the trailer brake valve on the dash and verify the air-line couplings (red + yellow) are connected on the correct side.

What to show the examiner

Reach into the footwell with your hand to demonstrate it is empty; remove anything loose.

Inspection steps

1. Bring the air system to operating pressure (run the engine up to cut-off pressure).
2. Inspect every air bag visually — all must be filled evenly.
3. If a bag is damaged the vehicle leans to the affected side.
4. Additionally check the shock absorbers for oil leakage.
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Show an air bag on one axle and feel it; point out the vehicle’s height relative to the ground along its side.

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the ignition — all warning lamps illuminate briefly.
2. Name the left and right indicators individually.
3. Hazard lights, main beam, handbrake.
4. ABS, engine-management lamp, temperature warnings.
5. Let the examiner point to each lamp in turn.

What to show the examiner

Point to each warning lamp on the display/cockpit with your finger and state its meaning.

Inspection steps

1. The air-filter condition indicator is often mounted on the intake pipe at the engine (ring with a sight glass).
2. Green zone = filter ok; red zone = filter dirty, replacement due.
3. Modern trucks additionally show the status on the driver display.
4. If the display reads "red", replace the filter (do not clean it).

What to show the examiner

Locate the sight glass and explain the coloured ring; mention the display indication.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has a hydraulic brake system (like a car) — it does use brake fluid.
2. Open the bonnet and locate the brake-fluid reservoir on top of the master cylinder.
3. Level must sit between MIN and MAX.
4. Fluid should be clear/light — dark or cloudy means workshop.
5. Leave the cap closed (brake fluid is hygroscopic).

What to show the examiner

Open the bonnet, name the reservoir, show the level, and actively call out the DOT specification on the cap (e.g. DOT 4).

Inspection steps

1. Open registration certificate part I (Fahrzeugschein); read the tyre size and the load/speed indices.
2. Read the moulded marking on the tyre itself (e.g. 315/70 R 22.5 156/150 L).
3. Compare the values: the tyre must not be rated below what the registration demands.
4. Front axle: the tyre’s speed index must be ≥ the registration value.
5. Rear axle: the load index must additionally be ≥ the registration value.

What to show the examiner

Point to the figure in the registration with your finger, then use a torch to show the same values on the tyre.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has no compressed air — so it has no classic low-pressure warning like a full-size lorry.
2. Instead: switch ignition on (engine off) — the brake warning lamps run a self-test in the cluster (red triangle with exclamation mark, ABS, parking brake).
3. Start the engine — all brake warning lamps must go out.
4. Briefly press the brake pedal: firm biting point, no soft or sinking pedal.

What to show the examiner

Point to the cluster, name the brake, ABS and parking-brake lamps individually, and explain why the pneumatic low-pressure warning does not apply.

Inspection steps

1. Refer to registration part I, fields O.1 / O.2 (permissible axle loads).
2. Read each tyre’s load index (e.g. "156" = 4000 kg per tyre).
3. Axle load / number of tyres on that axle must be ≤ the load index per tyre.
4. The tyre’s speed index (letter) must at least match the maximum design speed.

What to show the examiner

Show the load/speed markings on the tyre with a torch and compare to the figures in the registration.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Watch the warning lamp on the tachograph when the ignition is switched on.
2. Name the warning symbol "TCO" or "!" — it signals a fault or a failure.
3. If the unit fails: the trip may still be driven, but must be documented in writing with time and reason at the end of the shift.
4. Contact the workshop within 7 days; the repair must be carried out by the time the vehicle returns to its depot.

What to show the examiner

Describe the display and which symbols signal a fault. Explain: manual recording plus reporting obligation.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect disc brakes on the inner side of the wheel for cracks and wear.
2. On the driver display open "vehicle check" → "brake pads".
3. Read off pad thickness on every wheel and compare with the minimum value.
4. Parking brake: apply the lever/button and test the vehicle against rolling away.

What to show the examiner

Show the brake disc through the wheel opening; open the pad-thickness display; apply the parking brake.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect each wheel nut visually in turn.
2. A rust-red streak below the nut (air gap) signals a loose nut.
3. Check that the wheel nuts are complete — none may be missing.
4. Tightening torque per manufacturer spec (owner’s manual).

What to show the examiner

Run your finger past every nut, confirming "tight, no rust streak" verbally as you go.

Inspection steps

1. Ask the instructor / examiner to sit in the cab (or use the remote).
2. Switch on sidelights — check all the way round.
3. Switch on dipped beam — check cleanliness, symmetry, both lamps.
4. Main beam — both headlights active, tell-tale in the cockpit.
5. Front marker lights (position lamps) checked individually.

What to show the examiner

Step in front of the vehicle, have each function switched on and off in turn and confirm "left/right ok".

Inspection steps

1. Vehicle on level ground, engine stopped, wait a few minutes.
2. Menu button on the steering wheel → "vehicle check" → "oils".
3. Oil level between MIN and MAX — shown electronically on the display.
4. Alternatively (older vehicles): pull the dipstick, wipe clean, re-insert, read off.
5. If low, top up with the grade specified in the owner’s manual.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the menu on the display; show the dipstick if applicable; briefly explain the top-up procedure.

Inspection steps

1. Locate the first-aid kit to DIN 13164 (cab or stowage).
2. Check the use-by date of the contents — especially sterile items.
3. Verify completeness against the contents list.
4. Check the DIN number on the box label.
5. Replace missing or expired items immediately.

What to show the examiner

Open the box, show the use-by date on the label, lift a few items to demonstrate completeness.

Inspection steps

1. Bed symbol = rest period.
2. Square with a cross-bar = availability time.
3. Two crossed hammers = working time.
4. Steering-wheel symbol = driving time (activates automatically above ~5 km/h).

What to show the examiner

Point to the symbols in the manual or on the display and match each to its activity.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the footwell visually — no loose objects.
2. Reach behind the seat into the area beneath/behind the pedals.
3. Floor mats must lie flat and must not slide under the pedal.

What to show the examiner

Reach into the footwell with your hand to demonstrate it is empty; remove anything loose.

Inspection steps

1. Measure tread depth with a gauge or read off the TWI indicators — minimum 1.6 mm (recommended for trucks: 3 mm).
2. Inspect sidewalls for cracks, porosity, bulges, uneven wear.
3. Feel between twin tyres for foreign objects (stones, branches, nails).
4. Check tyre pressure against the placard or the owner’s manual; use the airline if required.
5. Bulging of the sidewall = under-inflation.

What to show the examiner

Apply the gauge and call out the reading; point to each sidewall section; reach in between twin tyres.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Read the fuel gauge in the cockpit, or insert the tank dip stick from the side.
2. State the fuel level verbally.
3. Check the fuel-cap for tightness and sealing.
4. Inspect the fuel lines back to the engine visually for leaks.
5. Also check the AdBlue level (on SCR-equipped vehicles).

What to show the examiner

Show the gauge; feel the filler cap; follow the fuel lines with a torch.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Accept the printout or chart from the examiner.
2. a) Distance driven: calculate from the difference between odometer readings.
3. b) Driving interruptions: add up every bed symbol (up to 15 min counts as an interruption, not a break).
4. c) First break: sum the driving time up to the first break longer than 15 min.
5. d) Read off the top speed or the recorded speeding event.

What to show the examiner

Use your finger on the chart/printout to point out which section each value comes from.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has a hydraulic brake system — no compressor, no supply pressure, no 11 bar cut-off, no blow-off.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Ignition on — watch the brake warning lamps self-test.
4. Start the engine — all brake warning lamps must extinguish.
5. Briefly press the brake pedal: firm biting point on the first stroke → hydraulic systems are ready without a wait.
6. Release the parking brake.

What to show the examiner

Explain why no supply-pressure build-up is needed; narrate the lamp self-test; tap the pedal and state "firm biting point".

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the rim between the wheel nuts for cracks.
2. Check the rim bed for deformation, dents, impacts.
3. Pay particular attention around the wheel-nut seats (highest stress).
4. On alloy rims, additionally watch for corrosion.

What to show the examiner

Show the rim all the way round, run a hand across the wheel-nut seats and confirm each as "ok".

Inspection steps

1. Ask the instructor / examiner to sit in the cab (or use the remote).
2. Switch on sidelights — check all the way round.
3. Switch on dipped beam — check cleanliness, symmetry, both lamps.
4. Main beam — both headlights active, tell-tale in the cockpit.
5. Front marker lights (position lamps) checked individually.

What to show the examiner

Step in front of the vehicle, have each function switched on and off in turn and confirm "left/right ok".

Inspection steps

1. Refers to the drive belt — strictly speaking, the cab must be tilted (the exam does NOT require this actively).
2. Without tilting: look through the louvres or the front hatch at the belt.
3. Check the surface for cracks and fraying.
4. Tension: at the longest free run the belt should twist about 90° and deflect around 1 cm.
5. Explain that auxiliary units = alternator, power-steering pump, water pump.

What to show the examiner

Open the front hatch, locate the belt, verbally simulate the deflection test, name the auxiliary units.

Inspection steps

1. Windscreen: check cleanliness and damage — cracks, stone chips, scratches.
2. Side windows and mirrors / cameras: cleanliness, adjustment, integrity.
3. On camera systems: check the monitor for a clear picture.
4. Remove any dirt on the spot.

What to show the examiner

Walk round the outside of the vehicle and show each window / mirror / camera, confirming "clean, intact".

Inspection steps

1. Hold the "Driver 1" button for a longer moment.
2. In the menu, confirm "log out company" with "YES".
3. Remove the driver card.
4. Set the activity switch to "rest period".

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the sequence on the unit and explain why the card is removed at the end of the shift.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has a hydraulic brake system — no compressor, no supply pressure, no 11 bar cut-off, no blow-off.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Ignition on — watch the brake warning lamps self-test.
4. Start the engine — all brake warning lamps must extinguish.
5. Briefly press the brake pedal: firm biting point on the first stroke → hydraulic systems are ready without a wait.
6. Release the parking brake.

What to show the examiner

Explain why no supply-pressure build-up is needed; narrate the lamp self-test; tap the pedal and state "firm biting point".

Inspection steps

1. On a modern exam truck there is usually no spare wheel — actively explain this fact.
2. If fitted: check the securing strap/mount and verify the pressure in the spare.
3. Name a tyre-repair kit (Tirefit) or the recovery-service contract as an alternative.

What to show the examiner

Show the empty spare-wheel cradle and explain why modern trucks often no longer carry one.

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the ignition — all warning lamps illuminate briefly.
2. Name the left and right indicators individually.
3. Hazard lights, main beam, handbrake.
4. ABS, engine-management lamp, temperature warnings.
5. Let the examiner point to each lamp in turn.

What to show the examiner

Point to each warning lamp on the display/cockpit with your finger and state its meaning.

Inspection steps

1. Vehicle on level ground, engine stopped, wait a few minutes.
2. Menu button on the steering wheel → "vehicle check" → "oils".
3. Oil level between MIN and MAX — shown electronically on the display.
4. Alternatively (older vehicles): pull the dipstick, wipe clean, re-insert, read off.
5. If low, top up with the grade specified in the owner’s manual.

What to show the examiner

Demonstrate the menu on the display; show the dipstick if applicable; briefly explain the top-up procedure.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the jaw (fangmaul) for cracks, notches, deformation.
2. Check the traverse (coupling carrier) for cracks; watch for rust streaks at the bolts.
3. Check the locking pin — it must be firmly latched.
4. Coupling pin: new 38 mm diameter; wear limit 36.5 mm (1.5 mm wear permissible).
5. Coupling self-check: explain the lead-in (auflauf) function verbally.

What to show the examiner

Illuminate the jaw with a torch, show the locking pin, explain the pin dimension with calipers.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has no compressed air — so it has no classic low-pressure warning like a full-size lorry.
2. Instead: switch ignition on (engine off) — the brake warning lamps run a self-test in the cluster (red triangle with exclamation mark, ABS, parking brake).
3. Start the engine — all brake warning lamps must go out.
4. Briefly press the brake pedal: firm biting point, no soft or sinking pedal.

What to show the examiner

Point to the cluster, name the brake, ABS and parking-brake lamps individually, and explain why the pneumatic low-pressure warning does not apply.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the engine off, ignition off.
2. Pull the steering wheel left / right with moderate effort — the steering should feel stiff.
3. Start the engine.
4. The steering suddenly becomes light — the power-steering pump is working.

What to show the examiner

Turn the wheel with the engine off, then start the engine and turn it again, commenting on the difference.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Refers to the drive belt — strictly speaking, the cab must be tilted (the exam does NOT require this actively).
2. Without tilting: look through the louvres or the front hatch at the belt.
3. Check the surface for cracks and fraying.
4. Tension: at the longest free run the belt should twist about 90° and deflect around 1 cm.
5. Explain that auxiliary units = alternator, power-steering pump, water pump.

What to show the examiner

Open the front hatch, locate the belt, verbally simulate the deflection test, name the auxiliary units.

Inspection steps

1. Side walls: container secured on the twist-lock cones ("mushrooms"); props/hinges locked.
2. Fasteners / access flaps: all closed and secured.
3. Loading equipment (e.g. tail-lift): often not fitted on exam vehicles.
4. Load security: depending on the vehicle — form-fit (headboard, stakes) or friction-fit (straps, nets, chains).
5. Curtainsider: curtain without tears, ropes tensioned, eyelets intact.

What to show the examiner

Walk once all the way round the body, touching every fastening (mushroom, hook, strap).

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has no compressed air — so it has no air dryer and no anti-freeze reservoir for the brake system.
2. Actively explain this particularity to the examiner.
3. Instead, show the engine coolant expansion tank and verify the level between MIN and MAX.
4. Explain the anti-freeze via colour/concentration (typically rated to about −25 °C).
5. Additionally mention the anti-freeze in the screen-washer reservoir.

What to show the examiner

Name the coolant expansion tank and the washer reservoir, and describe the anti-freeze by its typical colour.

Inspection steps

1. Start the engine — the power steering is active.
2. Move the steering wheel back and forth until the road wheels follow.
3. Measure the play between the start of steering-wheel movement and the reaction at the wheels.
4. Acceptable play: at most two fingers wide (about 30 mm).

What to show the examiner

Hold two fingers against the rim, move the wheel both ways, and state the limit.

Inspection steps

1. Open the battery box (usually mounted to the chassis on the side).
2. Check that the battery is firmly secured in its mount.
3. Check terminals for tightness and for freedom from corrosion.
4. Terminals should be protected with terminal grease.
5. Look for fluid loss or damage to the case.

What to show the examiner

Open the battery box and show mount, terminals and case one after the other.

Inspection steps

1. Open the passenger door — the washer reservoir is often behind a flap there.
2. Check the level in the reservoir visually.
3. Most exam trucks do not have headlamp washers.
4. If the level is low, a warning symbol appears on the display.

What to show the examiner

Show the reservoir and the level, describe the filler, mention the display warning symbol.

Inspection steps

1. Step back about 10 m for a clear view of the roof.
2. Check curtain or container for pooled water — heavy water stresses the body.
3. In winter: completely remove any snow or ice on the roof / curtain.
4. Check the roof bows (spriegel) for damage and for tight fit.

What to show the examiner

From a distance, describe the roof with an outstretched arm and call out every irregularity.

Inspection steps

1. Bed symbol = rest period.
2. Square with a cross-bar = availability time.
3. Two crossed hammers = working time.
4. Steering-wheel symbol = driving time (activates automatically above ~5 km/h).

What to show the examiner

Point to the symbols in the manual or on the display and match each to its activity.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect disc brakes on the inner side of the wheel for cracks and wear.
2. On the driver display open "vehicle check" → "brake pads".
3. Read off pad thickness on every wheel and compare with the minimum value.
4. Parking brake: apply the lever/button and test the vehicle against rolling away.

What to show the examiner

Show the brake disc through the wheel opening; open the pad-thickness display; apply the parking brake.

Inspection steps

1. Tilt the cab if required, or locate the power-steering reservoir underneath the cab.
2. Check the fluid level visually against MIN / MAX.
3. Modern vehicles also show a low level in the driver display.
4. Assess the fluid colour — not black, not foamy.

What to show the examiner

Show the reservoir and point out the level; mention the display warning; describe cab tilting (without actually tilting).

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the sidelights.
2. Check the end-outline marker lights (outer lamps in the lamp cluster).
3. Check the tail lamps (inner lamps).
4. Inspect cleanliness, integrity and symmetry of the light output.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle and point out outline markers (outer) versus tail lamps (inner).

Inspection steps

1. Briefly operate the washer.
2. Watch the jet pattern of both nozzles — the spray must be even.
3. After spraying, check the wipers: both halves of the screen are cleaned.
4. If the jet is off, re-aim the nozzle with a needle.

What to show the examiner

Operate the washer; show the jet pattern from outside; explain needle adjustment verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Windscreen: check cleanliness and damage — cracks, stone chips, scratches.
2. Side windows and mirrors / cameras: cleanliness, adjustment, integrity.
3. On camera systems: check the monitor for a clear picture.
4. Remove any dirt on the spot.

What to show the examiner

Walk round the outside of the vehicle and show each window / mirror / camera, confirming "clean, intact".

Inspection steps

1. Accept the printout or chart from the examiner.
2. a) Distance driven: calculate from the difference between odometer readings.
3. b) Driving interruptions: add up every bed symbol (up to 15 min counts as an interruption, not a break).
4. c) First break: sum the driving time up to the first break longer than 15 min.
5. d) Read off the top speed or the recorded speeding event.

What to show the examiner

Use your finger on the chart/printout to point out which section each value comes from.

Inspection steps

1. Inspect the footwell visually — no loose objects.
2. Reach behind the seat into the area beneath/behind the pedals.
3. Floor mats must lie flat and must not slide under the pedal.

What to show the examiner

Reach into the footwell with your hand to demonstrate it is empty; remove anything loose.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has classic steel suspension (coil / leaf springs) — no air bags, no compressed-air system.
2. Walk around the vehicle and check every axle: springs free of cracks, breaks, deformation or sag.
3. Inspect the spring mounts and rubber bushings for cracks / damage.
4. Check the shock absorbers for external oil or grease leakage.
5. The vehicle sits level — no lean to one side.

What to show the examiner

On one axle, point to the spring, the shock absorber and the rubber bushing in turn and call out "OK"; draw attention to the level stance of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Switch on the ignition — all warning lamps illuminate briefly.
2. Name the left and right indicators individually.
3. Hazard lights, main beam, handbrake.
4. ABS, engine-management lamp, temperature warnings.
5. Let the examiner point to each lamp in turn.

What to show the examiner

Point to each warning lamp on the display/cockpit with your finger and state its meaning.

Inspection steps

1. The air-filter condition indicator is often mounted on the intake pipe at the engine (ring with a sight glass).
2. Green zone = filter ok; red zone = filter dirty, replacement due.
3. Modern trucks additionally show the status on the driver display.
4. If the display reads "red", replace the filter (do not clean it).

What to show the examiner

Locate the sight glass and explain the coloured ring; mention the display indication.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Switch the ignition on until the digital tachograph display activates.
2. Hold the "Driver 1" button — insert your driver card (chip upwards, arrow pointing forwards).
3. Confirm or skip the manual entry prompt (menu varies by manufacturer and country).
4. Check time and odometer on the display for plausibility.

What to show the examiner

Insert the driver card with the chip facing up into the "Driver 1" slot; show the display after it is read and confirm the driver name.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has a hydraulic brake system (like a car) — it does use brake fluid.
2. Open the bonnet and locate the brake-fluid reservoir on top of the master cylinder.
3. Level must sit between MIN and MAX.
4. Fluid should be clear/light — dark or cloudy means workshop.
5. Leave the cap closed (brake fluid is hygroscopic).
6. Additionally on the trailer: overrun device moves freely (drawbar smooth, damper dry), breakaway cable attached, 13-pin electrical plug locked — no air-line couplings, because our towing vehicle uses hydraulic brakes.

What to show the examiner

Open the bonnet, name the reservoir, show the level, and actively call out the DOT specification on the cap (e.g. DOT 4).

Inspection steps

1. Open registration certificate part I (Fahrzeugschein); read the tyre size and the load/speed indices.
2. Read the moulded marking on the tyre itself (e.g. 315/70 R 22.5 156/150 L).
3. Compare the values: the tyre must not be rated below what the registration demands.
4. Front axle: the tyre’s speed index must be ≥ the registration value.
5. Rear axle: the load index must additionally be ≥ the registration value.
6. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Point to the figure in the registration with your finger, then use a torch to show the same values on the tyre.

Inspection steps

1. Ignition on; ask a helper to apply the brake.
2. Check tail lamps and brake lamps individually (left / right / symmetry).
3. Number-plate light: plate evenly illuminated.
4. Rear reflectors (reflex reflectors): present and undamaged.
5. Reversing light tested with reverse gear engaged.

What to show the examiner

Stand behind the vehicle, have the helper operate each function, and confirm each one individually.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Warning lamp: test battery (on/off), check the wavy-line approval mark, verify it stands upright.
2. Warning triangle: with approval mark (wavy line), complete, legs intact.
3. High-vis vest: to DIN EN ISO 20471, within arm’s reach in the cab.
4. Explain the stowage — all three items accessible from the driver’s seat.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Open the storage compartment, take each item out in turn and name it; perform the warning-lamp test live.

Inspection steps

1. Button "1" (Driver 1) — toggle the activity (rest / availability / work).
2. Button "2" (Driver 2) — same function for the co-driver.
3. Left arrow = back / cancel; up/down arrows = menu navigation.
4. "OK" = confirm / open menu.
5. Eject button for the paper roll and for driver-card removal.

What to show the examiner

Press each button in turn, demonstrate the reaction on the display and describe it verbally.

Inspection steps

1. Our C1 has no compressed air — so it has no classic low-pressure warning like a full-size lorry.
2. Instead: switch ignition on (engine off) — the brake warning lamps run a self-test in the cluster (red triangle with exclamation mark, ABS, parking brake).
3. Start the engine — all brake warning lamps must go out.
4. Briefly press the brake pedal: firm biting point, no soft or sinking pedal.
5. Additionally on the trailer: overrun device moves freely (drawbar smooth, damper dry), breakaway cable attached, 13-pin electrical plug locked — no air-line couplings, because our towing vehicle uses hydraulic brakes.

What to show the examiner

Point to the cluster, name the brake, ABS and parking-brake lamps individually, and explain why the pneumatic low-pressure warning does not apply.

Inspection steps

1. Refer to registration part I, fields O.1 / O.2 (permissible axle loads).
2. Read each tyre’s load index (e.g. "156" = 4000 kg per tyre).
3. Axle load / number of tyres on that axle must be ≤ the load index per tyre.
4. The tyre’s speed index (letter) must at least match the maximum design speed.
5. Additionally: inspect the trailer tyres separately (tread depth, pressure, damage).

What to show the examiner

Show the load/speed markings on the tyre with a torch and compare to the figures in the registration.

Inspection steps

1. Sound the horn briefly — audible.
2. Operate the headlamp flasher and check it (have a helper stand in front of the vehicle).
3. Switch on the hazard lights — check all four indicators plus the tell-tale.
4. Side marker lights (on longer vehicles) checked individually.
5. Inspect every lamp for cleanliness and damage.

What to show the examiner

Press the horn, demonstrate the headlamp flasher, switch on the hazards and walk to every corner of the vehicle.

Inspection steps

1. Stop the engine and let it cool (never open when hot!).
2. Locate the coolant expansion tank (often behind the cab).
3. Level between MIN and MAX, just under the filler neck.
4. Inspect radiator and coolant hoses for leaks.
5. Look underneath the truck for a coolant puddle forming.
6. If coolant is low, the cockpit display shows a warning.

What to show the examiner

Show the tank and point at the marks; look under the vehicle; mention the display warning.

Inspection steps

1. Quantity: one chock per rigid axle — typically one for a rigid truck.
2. Stowage: double-secured (holder plus metal bracket) on the chassis.
3. Condition: no cracks, with a profiled bearing surface.
4. Sized appropriately for the fitted tyres.
5. Additionally: inspect the fifth-wheel / pintle hook, locking pin, breakaway cable and electrical plug.

What to show the examiner

Locate the mount, take a chock out once for visual check, replace it in the double-secured holder.

Inspection steps

1. Watch the warning lamp on the tachograph when the ignition is switched on.
2. Name the warning symbol "TCO" or "!" — it signals a fault or a failure.
3. If the unit fails: the trip may still be driven, but must be documented in writing with time and reason at the end of the shift.
4. Contact the workshop within 7 days; the repair must be carried out by the time the vehicle returns to its depot.